![]() Primary sources are writings that come directly from the event(s) through eyewitnesses and participants.Manuscripts are copies of the autographs and are in a first class category of witness texts.Autographs are the original physical writings of the document by the author.Some basic literary terminology in considering the validity of ancient documents: The science of textual criticism has given us 100% certainty that what we have in our Bibles today is the original vox (meaning) and over 98% for the Old Testament and 99.5% for the New Testament in verba (words). ![]() With a multitude of available manuscripts scholars have found many minor and a few somewhat major differences between them, but textual criticism allows scholars to eliminate the majority of these differences which are mostly in spelling, grammar, word insertions or deletions by comparing them with each other. for the Old Testament, and the first to the fifteenth centuries A.D. However, that does not mean that we cannot determine what the originals said based on the tens of thousands of manuscript copies we have to compare, dating from the fourth century B.C. When originals are lost or no longer in existence it is usually due to the life span of the substance they were written on like papyrus, leather, or other biodegradable materials. Textual criticism is a method used by scholars to decipher the meaning of the original texts or autographs from the manuscripts. With that in mind it is also important to look at other variables scholars consider when reviewing ancient documents like the Bible, one of the most important is called “textual criticism:” We also looked at many reasons Christians reject the Apocrypha and Gnostic books with an emphasis on the dating of those writings. ![]() Last week we looked at the evidence for the reliability of the Bible with the early Church’s canonization process that demonstrates we can be certain that we have the right books, contrary to cultural spin. ![]()
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